TSSS2019

B-1 生田與克×茂木健一郎、日本の水産業を語る!

B-1 生田與克×茂木健一郎、日本の水産業を語る!

魚は「人類共有の財産」か「漁師のもの」か 

TSSS2019の2日目、分科会Bの冒頭では、豊洲マグロ仲卸「鈴与」3代目店主の生田與克氏と脳科学者・茂木健一郎氏との対談が行われた。近年、豊かな海洋資源を誇っていたはずの日本近海では、魚が獲れなくなりつつある。では、再び魚が獲れるようにするにはどうすればいいのか、というのが本セッションのテーマ。茂木氏の司会進行のもと、サステナブルな漁業のあり方をめぐって意見が交換され、話題は豊洲移転から漁業法改正、捕鯨にまで及んだ。

近年、公海での漁業については「国際協定を結び、国ごとの漁獲枠を決める」のが世界的な潮流となっている。昨年12月、日本でも、資源管理型漁業への転換を目指して漁業法改正が行われた。だが、その内容も「我々が望む1割程度しかできていない」と生田氏。「国連の海洋保護条約には、『魚は人類共有の財産である』と書かれているが、日本の漁業法にはまだその文言がない」。このため、「魚は漁師のもの」という旧来のイメージを払拭するには至っていない、と警鐘を鳴らす。

 

 

“魚を守る”という意識を育てることが重要 

現在、北欧が豊かな漁業資源を享受しているのは、過去30年間、科学的データに基づいて漁獲量を決め、資源管理を徹底させてきたためだ。それは、北欧諸国のEEZ(排他的経済水域)が重なっていたため、話し合いで漁獲枠を決める必要があったからだ、と生田氏は言う。

一方、日本はどうか。日本で資源管理が適切に行われてこなかったのは、世界屈指の豊かな漁場と、南北に長い国土を取り巻く広大なEEZを持っていたためだ。「日本は、魚を美味しく食べる文化はものすごく高い。でも、魚を守る文化が著しく低い」と生田氏。「海洋資源に恵まれすぎていたために、逆に“魚を守る”という意識が育たなかった」と茂木氏も言葉を継いだ。日本の海をサステナブルな状態にしていくためには、日本人の意識を根本から変えていく必要がある。「獲れた魚をきちんと消費しながら、資源をどう守っていくのか。それは、日本人1人ひとりが考えていくべき課題」と、生田氏は最後に訴えた。

 

 


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